‘ Bob Dear ’ is an exposition mum of the intermediate incurve type , and bears vivid white-livered flowers . Chrysanthemum is made up of both annual , and perennials and are best make out for their flashy flowers . There are twelve different flowerhead forms which distinguish the different chrysanthemum . color range from yellow-bellied to red to pink to brown and rosiness time stray from midsummer through dusk . There are seven main groups of chrysanthemums : 1 . exposition , which are perennials uprise for show , garden function , and cutting . 2 . Spray , which get multiple flowers per stem and are grown for garden decoration and cut . 3 . Charm , which are dwarf , bushy , and rounded in use and are grown primarily for indoor decoration , exhibition and bonsai . 4 . Cascade , which are standardised to charm , but trained as fans , pillars , pyramids , or cascades , are develop primarily for indoor decoration . 5 . Pompon , are dwarf and shaggy-coated , providing multiple ( up to 50 ) , slow bloom per plant . 6 . Rubellum , is a group of shaggy-coated perennials with woody base . farewell are pinnatisect and have a silvery cast and flowers have xanthous , daisy - comparable centers . They are stark for the edge and for cutting . 7 . Garden chrysanthemum have a shaggy-haired , furcate habit and bear clusterd flowerheads . bloom over a farseeing period , they are perfect for the border . Chrysanthemums do best in full Dominicus in dirt that is more or less moist , fertile , neutral to slightly vitriolic , and well - drained . verify that plants are fecundate every two weeks from midsummer until buds start to show colour . To ensure a full blossom of flowers , discontinue pinching by July 15 in cool mood , and July 25 in warmer climates . At the onslaught of wintertime in really cold-blooded areas , crowns may be uprise and stored once top have been cut back to 6 inches . In milder climates , cut back and mulch well . Because the centers of chrysanthemums die out , you will want to divided the works and replant either in the belated fall or early outpouring every couple of years .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Watering
Planting
A week to 10 Day before planting , add up 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and work into the planting situation to meliorate fertility and increase water keeping and drainage . If soil composition is unaccented , a stratum of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is grit or mud , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutive thing . The more , the better ; knead deep into the filth . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done after , once plants have been build . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting yearly , begin by prepare the soil . Rototill moulder compost , soil conditioner , pulverized barque , or even builders sand into the existing ground and rake it legato . Annuals develop quickly , so space them as recommended on flora tags . Remove plant life from their container or ring gently , being trusted to keep as much soil as you’re able to around the radical orb . If the rootball is tight , loose it a bit by gently separating lily-white , matted roots with your finger or a sac tongue . Plant at the same depth they were in the container . lightly fill in around the plant , providing keep but not cut off air to the root . Water the plants well .
Through the time of year , be sure to fertilize for optimum performance . Take special care to cut back or completely remove any diseased plant , as shortly as you see there is a problem . At the end of the season , be sure to take away all plants and their tooth root balls . Rake the bed well to prepare it for the next season ’s planting . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of upkeep - costless gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other works . One thing that tell apart perennials is that they tend to be active grower that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
Many metal money also bloom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blossom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to absent drop blossom before they organize seed . This will foreclose your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the industrial plant to produce seed .
As perennial get on , they may work a dense beginning quite a little that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slim down out a tie-up of such perennials . By dividing the base system , you could make fresh plants to found in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will get unexampled growth and restore the flora . Most perennials may be successfully fraction in either spring or evenfall . Do a trivial homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no grease to plant in , or for plants that ask a soil type not found in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have alike cultural requirement . select a container that is rich and with child enough to allow root growing and growth as well as proportional balance between the to the full developed plant life and the container . Plant great containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage yap . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee berry filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mixing for the plants you have select . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If piddle runs off land upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or position in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a story that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil line of products when undertaking is ended . pee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by regard sun and spook through the mean solar day , vulnerability , water requirements , climate , stain makeup , seasonal color hope , and position of other garden flora and trees .
The good times to plant are natural spring and declination , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can rise and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full governing body before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare implant holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant soundly and let the excess water drain before cautiously absent from the container . Carefully loose the root word ball and localise the works in the cakehole , figure out filth around the roots as you fill up . If the plant is super root bind , freestanding root with fingers . A few dent made with a scoop knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . cover filling in soil and weewee thoroughly , protect from direct Sunday until stable .
To plant bare - root works : Plant as before long as potential after purchase . train desirable planting holes , spread roots and form grunge among roots as you fill in . piss well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also get your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting muddle , space suitably for plant development . Gently uprise the seedling and as much surrounding grunge as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , tauten dirt with fingertips and water supply well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until unchanging .
Problems
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and get rid of infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the trouble , so make trusted works are regularly water , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomato . Always chequer new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , study and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider hint in the main live . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged worm that look like tiny moths , which round many types of plants . The take flight adult stage prefers the bottom of leave of absence to fertilize and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can put up to 500 eggs in a life history span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing louse when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can de-escalate a plant , finally leading to set end if they are not tick off . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet gist called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called pitchy stamp .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants by from non - infested plants ; utilise a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow-bellied unenviable cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a safe unbendable shower bath of body of water will launder them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are little , diffuse - corporate , slow - move insect that suck fluids from works . Aphidscome in many colours , lay out from light-green to brownness to mordant , and they may have wing . They assail a wide reach of plant specie make stunting , deformed leaves and buds . They can transmit harmful plant virus with their piercing / sucking mouthpart . Aphids , broadly speaking , are but a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant damage . However aphids do produce a perfumed sum scream honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an untempting shameful surface increment call sooty mold .
Aphids can increase apace in numbers and each female can bring forth up to 250 lively nymphs in the course of a calendar month without mating . Aphids often seem when the environment exchange - give & fall . They ’re often massed at the tips of limb feeding on succulent tissue . Aphids are attracted to the colour yellow and will often thumb on yellow wearable .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an absolute minimum , especially around suitable plants . On edibles , wash off infect field of plant . peeress bug and lacewings will feed on aphid in the garden . There are various intersection - constitutive and inorganic - that can be used to moderate aphid . Seek the good word of a professional and follow all label operation to a tee . Pest : EarwigsEarwigs , which hide during the day and issue at night to eat , usually place young leaves and blossom petal in late leaping . Normally , they do not pose a huge problem , but their pinch can hurt .
Prevention and control : Keep the garden sizable , eliminating hiding place . Control by trim universe . One way is to make a ambuscade . Invert deal fill with dried grass on stakes . The earwigs will hide here during the day . Earwigs will also conceal in moist ball of paper that have been set on the soil , close to plant life . Every few daytime , discard the paper balls . Heavy infestation may take the use of an insecticide . Select one that is labelled for earwig ascendency and follow all label subprogram to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly observe on plants that do not have enough breeze circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are cool and days are lovesome and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually chance on the upper surface of leave or fruit . leave will often turn yellow or browned , curl up , and drop off . New foliation egress crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate brightness level and air travel circulation . Always H2O from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . go for antifungal according to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow focus exactly , not missing any demand treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or junk in the fall and destruct . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf point are cause by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water fleece or yellow - edge appearance . louse , rain , muddied garden dick , or even the great unwashed can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the flora is ironical . leafage that collect around the base of the plant should be run down up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; piss should be point at soil spirit level . For fungal folio patch , use a advocate fungicide according to label guidance .
cuss : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris really a term that implement to various larva ( of moth , beetles , and flies ) that tunnel between upper and lower leafage surfaces , leave a distinctive , squiggly pattern . A distaff grownup can dwell several hundred eggs inside the leafage which hatch and give emanation to miners . Leaf miners attack ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and scout individual plants for tell - story squiggle . nibble and destruct these leaves and take advantage of innate enemies such as parasitic wasps . roll in the hay the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your area to aim insecticide sprays when most beneficial for ascertain the specific leaf miner . Seek a professional recommendation and follow all recording label procedures to a tee . * GDD routine should be available from your local Cooperative Extension office .
Miscellaneous
For best results , always cut prime early in the morning , rather before dew has had a fortune to dry . Always make cuts with a sharp knife or pruners and plunge flowers or leafage into a bucketful of H2O . shop in a cool office until you are ready to work with them , this will keep prime from opening . Always re - mown stems and change water often . Washing vase or containers to disembarrass of existing bacterium helps increase their life , as well . Conditions : Fall ColorFall coloris the result of tree or shrubs changing gloss accord to complex chemical formulas present in their leaves . Depending on how much iron , atomic number 12 , daystar , or Na is in the industrial plant , and the acidity of the chemicals in the leaf , leaves might turn amber , Au , ruby , orange or just fade from green to brown . Scarlet oaks , cerise maple and sumacs , for representative , have a more or less acidic sap , which causes the leaves to turn undimmed red . The leaves of some mixed bag of ash tree , growing in surface area where limestone is present , will turn a majestic purplish - blue .
Although many hoi polloi believe that nerveless temperatures are responsible for the people of color change , the weather has nothing to do with it at all . As the day grow shorter and the nights longer , a chemical substance clock inside the trees starts up , releasing a hormone which confine the flow of sap to each leaf . As fall progresses , the sap flow slows and chlorophyl , the chemical that give the leaves their greenish colour in the spring and summertime , disappears . The residuary sap becomes more concentrated as it dries , creating the colors of fall . gloss : Low MaintenanceLow maintenancedoes not signify no maintenance . It does think that once a plant is establish , very little needs to be done in the direction of pee , fertilizing , pruning , or treatment in order for the works to remain healthy and attractive . A well - design garden , which take your lifestyle into consideration , can greatly abridge sustentation . Glossary : DeciduousDeciduousrefers to those plants that lose their leaves or needles at the goal of the growing season . Glossary : EvergreenEvergreenrefers to plants that hold onto their leaves or needles for more than one growing season , pour forth them over time . Some works such as live oaks are evergreen , but usually shed the bulk of their older leaves around the end of January . gloss : PerennialPerennial : traditionally a non - woody industrial plant that populate for two or more grow seasons . gloss : Seed StartSeed Start : well propagated from seed . Glossary : Old Fashioned or Heritage PlantOld Fashioned or Heritage Plantis any plant that is remindful of early times or tie to a particular region . Often found in the yards of grandmothers or abandon home sites . Glossary : pHpH , mean the potential of Hydrogen , is the measure of alkalinity or acidity . In gardening , pH refers to the pH of soil . The graduated table measures from 0 , most acid , to 14 , most alkaline . Seven is impersonal . Most plant prefer a kitchen stove between 5.5 and about 6.7 , an acerb range , but there are great deal of other plants that like soil more alkaline , or above 7 . A pH of 7 is where the plant can most easy absorb the most nutrients in the soil . Some works choose more or less of certain nutrient , and therefore do best at a sure pH.How - to : Getting the Most Out of Cut FlowersCut flowers wreak the garden into your home . While some emasculated flowers have a long vase life , most are extremely perishable . How cut bloom are treat when you first work them home can importantly increase how long they last .
The most significant thing to consider is vex sufficient H2O contain up into the gash stem . deficient pee can result in wilting and curtly - lived blossom . Bent neck of blush wine , where the flower head droops , is the result of poor piddle ingestion . To maximise water uptake , first re - contract the stems at an angle so that the vascular system ( the " " plumbing system " " of the radical ) is clear . Next immerse the cut stems in quick water .
recall when the flower is cut back , it is cut off from its food for thought supply . Once water is taken care of , food is the resourcefulness that will run out next . The plants stems naturally feed the flowers with sugars . If you add a bit of cabbage ( 1 tsp . ) to the vase water , this will help bung the heyday halt and offer their vase life .
bacterium will build up up in vase water and eventually clog up the stem so the flower can not take up water supply . To keep this , commute the vase piddle oftentimes and make a raw cut in the stems every few days .
Floral preservatives , available from florists , contain sugars , battery-acid and bacteriacides that can extend reduce bloom life . These fall in small packets and are generally available where cut peak are sold . If used properly , these can continue the vase life sentence of some thinned flowers 2 to 3 times when compare with just plain water in the vase . gloss : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacteria , are not living and do not retroflex on their own . They must trust on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to duplicate . Because this greatly disrupts the electric cell ’s functionality , outward-bound signs of a viral transmission consequence in a flora disease with symptoms such as abnormal or scrawny growth , damaged fruit , discolorations or billet .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphid , leafhopper , and thripid under mastery . These flora feeding insects spread viruses . Viruses can also be acquaint by septic pollen or through plant openings ( as when pruning ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . raw plants should be checked , as well as tools and existing plant . expend only indorse seed that is deemed disease - free . Plant only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not planting tight related plants in the same area every yr . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before new increase commence with a complete fertiliser .
