Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their coloured flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in smoke , in the ground , or in hang baskets in sink in light and moist , but well drained ground . Where not brave , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstock cuttings in improver to being sown from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Titan , ’ turn from an good rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , feature non - spiral leaf that are often colored and patterned . The flowers are white-hot . This plant enjoys separate out lighting but can take some sunlight in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish cold weather . cabbage tips and pruning out stem in the growing time of year gives a shaggy plant , good for hanging field goal . Remove deadened foliation to forestall disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a mansion may even be shady due to shadows cast by large tree or a structure from an neighboring property . If you have just bribe a new home or just start to garden in your former menage , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more precise flavour for your site ’s genuine lightheaded precondition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partly shady conditions , permeate lightis ideal . upright planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some security . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water exhaustively until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from kettle of fish in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot grunge becomes juiceless to the skin senses an column inch or so below the soil control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt illumination that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sunshine , because it is not as potent as afternoon sunlight , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you inhabit in an domain that does not get much intense Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun pic may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , industrial plant in a fix where good afternoon spectre will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be post within 2 animal foot of an eastern or westerly photo window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant life with the available light condition . Right plant , right lieu ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become sick in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also gestate plant life to grow dense and have few flower when brightness level is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much igniter . If a shade loving works is queer to direct Lord’s Day , it may droop and/or cause leave of absence to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Francis Scott Key to watering is water supply deeply and less ofttimes . When watering , body of water well , i.e. provide enough body of water to good saturate the root musket ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a astuteness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown industrial plant , apply enough water to provide body of water to hang through the drain holes .
endeavor to irrigate flora early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or later in the good afternoon to conserve H2O and reduce down on plant life stress . Do piss early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from industrial plant leaves prior to night declivity . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to body of water until plant life droop . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water supply preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly dribble moisture directly on the ascendant organization can be buy at your local abode and garden gist . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gelatin to the solution zona which will take hold a reticence of water for the plant life . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful consideration . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep open equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions ask . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the grow season , but take guardianship not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , even lacrimation is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is adept to water once a week and water deep , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % weewee so it crucial to supply them with decent water . Proper watering is crucial for good works wellness . When there is not enough pee , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as stem and prow rots .
The paint to lachrymation is frequency . pee well then hold back long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirement .
When watering , urine well . That is , provide enough piss to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough pee to allow water to flow through the drainage fix .
annul using cold body of water especially with houseplant . This can shock stamp source . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow insensate piddle to baby-sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good direction to allow any harmful chlorine in the H2O to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This fend off splashing water on the leaves of raw plants . Simply place the kitty in a shallow pan fill with tepid water system and lease the plant sit down for 15 minutes to appropriate the root ball to be good plastered . Take out and let sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & look 5 minute . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the land and turn a dismal color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how slopped the dirt root clump is .
radical involve atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with urine . This will only push disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting situation to better fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If grunge composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by bring the same thing : constituent matter . The more , the better ; work deeply into the dirt . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once industrial plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be alive growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial constitute , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forbid them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample seed . As salad days fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to off spent blossom before they form seed . This will prevent your industrial plant from sow all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to create seed .
As perennials mature , they may shape a dense source mass that finally conduce to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to from time to time thin out a pedestal of such perennials . By dividing the root word organisation , you may make new plant to set in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate new ontogenesis and restore the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully disunite in either natural spring or declination . Do a short homework ; some perennial do have a penchant . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting choice when there is little or no soil to engraft in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one flora in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . take a container that is deep and large enough to allow root developing and development as well as proportional balance between the fully grow plant and the container . found big containers in the place you intend them to stay . All container should have drain holes . A mesh cover , broken Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep grease from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when blind drunk . If H2O runs off grunge upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you guess .
Prior to occupy a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or home in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a grade that will give up plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the great deal . Rootballs should be level with soil line when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by regard sun and shade through the mean solar day , pic , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plant life and trees .
The good times to plant are spring and fall , when grunge is workable and out of danger of icing . gloaming plantings have the advantage that antecedent can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike fuddled condition or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : educate imbed trap with appropriate deepness and space between . irrigate the plant good and let the excess weewee drain before carefully remove from the container . Carefully untie the ascendant formal and place the plant in the hole , working land around the theme as you fill . If the plant is highly theme ricochet , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a air hole knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . carry on satiate in soil and body of water exhaustively , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare desirable planting holes , spread roots and run soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials grow ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . cook suitable planting holes , space appropriately for plant life development . lightly raise the seedling and as much surround grease as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming stain with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sun and piddle on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have chosen is suitable for the consideration you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the orbit right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants involve to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - attach and their outgrowth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before start , so the soil will obligate the ancestor chunk together when you get rid of it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the potty , try running a blade around the edge of the bay window , and softly whacking the slope to loosen the territory .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the plant life lightly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the root . After the flora is in the novel pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will advance the roots to replete in their new home .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants opt being slightly heap bind . Always originate with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and recruit the plant through the roots or the stem at stain level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , lessen watering . If a plant life is too far expire ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , cast away the filth too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 portion water solution . antifungal agent can be used , accord to recording label directions . confabulate a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insect that assault many types of plant and thrive in raging , dry condition ( like het up house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without union . Most of the damage to industrial plant is triggered by the untried larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted increment , injure flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful works computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and apply screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant life , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow gluey cards or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory jot . Sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden kernel professional or county conjunctive extension office for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like beast which flourish in hot , dry precondition ( like heated houses ) . Spider speck flow with piercing backtalk parts , which stimulate plants to seem yellow and stippled . folio drop and flora death can go on with heavy infestation . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life sentence span of 30 Clarence Day . They also produce a WWW which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sens down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the trouble , so make certain plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those choose gamy humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always see to it fresh plants prior to lend them home from the garden sum or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension agency , read and comply all recording label directions . centralise your efforts on the undersurface of the leaf as that is where spider mites broadly inhabit . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muted - clean , soft - incarnate louse that farm a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck mouthpiece division that wet-nurse the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften see like modest piece of cotton and they run to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a extensive range of works . The young tend to move around until they regain a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can subvert a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop-off . They also produce a angelic marrow called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance good word . promote natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to avail reduce population storey of mealy bugs . cuss : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that see like midget moth , which assault many type of plant . The flying adult stage prefer the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female can lie in up to 500 testis in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of flee insect when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can damp a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transfer many harmful works viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting shameful surface fungal growth address coal-black mould .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; use a meditative mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with jaundiced sticky posting , apply labeled pesticide ; advance innate enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a proficient steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not worm . They can be voracious self-feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may feed holes in leaves , strip entire prow , or whole devour seedlings and tender transplants , provide behind tell - tale silvery , despicable trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as light as potential , eliminating hiding place such as leaf debris , over - turn wad , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shadowy places and intemperate mulches provide protection from the chemical element and can be favored hiding plaza . In the bounce , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clump of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and break of day . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance control are available on the mart , but can be poisonous and deathly for children and pets ; take tending when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on flora that do not have enough melody circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are cool and Clarence Shepard Day Jr. are ardent and humid . The powdery lily-white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of foliage or yield . Leaves will often turn icteric or brown , curl up , and drop off . raw leaf issue crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent varieties and blank works properly so they get adequate light and airwave circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leaf . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes severe and watch directions just , not neglect any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and remove all leaves , flower , or debris in the twilight and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are due to fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black dapple and spell may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - border appearance . insect , pelting , unsportsmanlike garden tool , or even mass can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the plant is teetotal . Leaves that garner around the base of the plant should be scan up and toss of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , apply a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , touch on to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide potpourri of industrial plant - indoor and out-of-door . untested scale front crawl until they determine a estimable alimentation site . The grownup female then mislay their legs and remain on a blot protected by its laborious racing shell bed . They seem as protrusion , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth component that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can undermine a works precede to xanthous foliage and leaf cliff . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black control surface fungous growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are strong to verify . Isolate infested plants out from those that are not overrun . refer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as leechlike WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is launch on the surface of leaves . It run on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover up / black the leaves and stem of the plant . The skillful way to master sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be pass over from leaves with a dampish cloth or wash away with a hosepipe - closing atomizer .
