Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their colorful flush and foliage . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered Inner Light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , root word or rootstalk cuttings in plus to being sown from seed . The erect ‘ Salmon Rubra ’ begonia has salmon colored pendulous flowers and unincised green leaves . The stem is cane - like with evenly space knob . This plant relish filtered light but can take some Dominicus in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias rise very well in peat - found compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will discover that sun and shade patterns change during the twenty-four hour period . The western side of a menage may even be shady due to shadows project by large trees or a social structure from an adjacent prop . If you have just corrupt a new home or just beginning to garden in your old home , take fourth dimension to map sun and tad throughout the day . You will get a more accurate tactile property for your site ’s true idle conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that favour part suspect conditions , filtrate lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath magniloquent plant that will cater some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that ask rich water , or those judge asmoisture - bonk houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the dirt is saturated and then run out freely from jam in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot stain becomes ironical to the skin senses an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose twinkle that is strain . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as solid as afternoon Lord’s Day , can be conceive part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon ghost will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be localise within 2 feet of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying out , it is desirable to check the correct plant with the usable light conditions . Right plant , right place ! plant which do not encounter sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to develop slower and have few blooms when brightness level is less than suitable . It is possible to leave subsidiary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also meet too much light . If a shade loving industrial plant is expose to lineal sun , it may droop and/or get leave-taking to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to tearing is water deeply and less ofttimes . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively saturate the ascendant testis . With in - land plants , this means thoroughly soaking the dirt until water has come home to a profundity of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being safe ) . With container grown plants , employ enough water to allow water to flow through the drain maw .
render to water plant life early in the day or by and by in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on flora stress . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a chance to dry from works farewell prior to dark free fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting peak ) .
Consider H2O conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet at once on the root arrangement can be purchased at your local house and garden nerve center . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and economise moisture .
Consider total piddle - save gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a modesty of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be certain to watch recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be hold on evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions demand . Most plant life like 1 inch of water a week during the grow time of year , but take care not to over urine . The first two yr after a plant is installed , even tearing is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a workweek and water deep , than to pee frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to issue them with adequate water . Proper tearing is essential for well plant wellness . When there is not enough body of water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprive of atomic number 8 and disease hap such as root and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . weewee well then hold off long enough until the plant want to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water supply to soundly saturate the theme ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
void using cold urine especially with houseplant . This can appal legal tender solution . filling lacrimation can with tepid water or allow frigid water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good fashion to allow any harmful chlorine in the urine to melt before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by wedge - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This ward off splash pee on the leave of sensitive plant . merely place the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and rent the flora seat for 15 minutes to allow the root Lucille Ball to be thoroughly blotto . Take out and give up sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and move around a darker colour . Pull it out and prove . This will give you an idea of how crocked the grime root ball is .
Roots postulate O to hint , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 years before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of of age manure or compost and body of work into the planting situation to better fertility and increase water memory and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same affair : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; wreak deep into the grime . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch abstruse for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly yield off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been institute . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you institute a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - barren gardening . Perennials need to be care for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out from time to time or they will free vigor .
As perennials establish , it is significant to lop them back and melt off them out on occasion . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample semen . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they take shape seeded player . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the industrial plant to farm source .
As perennials mature , they may form a heavy root mass that finally go to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dissever the radical scheme , you may make Modern plants to plant in another field of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate Modern growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully fraction in either spring or fall . Do a piffling prep ; some perennials do have a penchant . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an decorative characteristic , a planting option when there is picayune or no grease to plant in , or for plants that need a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If grow more than one industrial plant in a container , verify that all have standardised cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow ancestor growth and ontogenesis as well as relative balance between the in full build up plant and the container . implant big container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage muddle . A mesh blind , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee berry filter placed over the hole will keep soil from lave out . The potting stain you select should be an appropriate premix for the plant you have chosen . Quality grunge ( or soil - less medias ) ingest wet promptly and evenly when pissed . If water carry off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with soil , wet potting soil in the dish or place in a bath or lawn cart so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grime line when project is over . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , dirt makeup , seasonal people of color desire , and post of other garden works and tree diagram .
The best times to plant are saltation and declension , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . descent plantings have the vantage that roots can acquire and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare embed holes with appropriate astuteness and blank between . irrigate the plant exhaustively and permit the excess water drain before carefully take away from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and station the plant in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is super root word bound , separate theme with fingerbreadth . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are o.k. , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in territory and water soundly , protect from unmediated sun until static .
To plant stark - root plants : Plant as presently as potential after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , spread out roots and exploit ground among roots as you satiate in . piddle well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To institute seedlings : A number of perennial acquire self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting hole , spacing befittingly for plant development . lightly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming grunge with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct Sunday and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the surface area decently next to a windowpane will be colder than the sleep of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / stem - resile and their emergence is retarded . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the theme ball together when you remove it from the lot . If you have trouble getting the works out of the pot , hear running a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use novel ground when transplant your indoor plant . make full around the flora gently with grunge , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the raw stack , do n’t fertilize right away … this will advance the roots to fill in their new plate .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch not bad in diam . commemorate , many flora opt being reasonably pot bind . Always start with a uninfected passel !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soil and enter the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a works is too far run ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . lave the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 region H2O solution . Fungicides can be used , fit in to label direction . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many type of plants and thrive in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated house ) . They can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 300 orchis in a life duo of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is do by the vernal larva which feed on tender folio and blossom tissue . This conduct to twisted ontogenesis , injured flower petals and previous flower pearl . Thrips also can convey many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep mourning band down and employ block out on windows to keep them out . dispatch or discard infest plants , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take reward of born foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden substance professional or county Cooperative extension part for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which prosper in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider tinge feed with piercing mouth portion , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant decease can occur with heavy infestations . Spider hint can multiply quickly , as a female person can put down up to 200 bollock in a life history bridge of 30 days . They also produce a web which can overlay infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and withdraw infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are on a regular basis watered , particularly those preferring high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always train new plants prior to bring them home from the garden essence or nursery . Take advantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden nerve centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your sweat on the undersurface of the folio as that is where spider mites generally exist . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dense - whitened , flaccid - corporate insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking rima oris component that blow the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften bet like humble opus of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They set on a all-inclusive compass of plants . The young tend to move around until they ascertain a suitable eating pip , then they string up out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can de-escalate a plant leading to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a angelic substance send for honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungal outgrowth call coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension post in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce universe stratum of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that look like tiny moth , which attack many eccentric of plants . The pilot grownup stage prefers the underside of leave to feed and stock . whitefly can reproduce quick as a female person can lay up to 500 testis in a sprightliness twain of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insect when the plant is vex . whitefly can soften a plant life , eventually pass to constitute death if they are not checked . They can channelize many harmful plant virus . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungous increment call sooty mold .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; manipulation screen in window to keep them out ; dispatch infested plants off from non - infested plant life ; use a broody mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambush with sensationalistic sticky cards , lend oneself pronounce pesticides ; boost natural foeman such as epenthetic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady rain shower of urine will wash them off the plant . Pest : biff and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat on just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may eat maw in leaves , strip entire stems , or all devour seedlings and tender transplanting , result behind tell - story silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as sporting as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf rubble , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch offer protection from the element and can be favorite concealment places . In the spring , police for and demolish egg ( clusters of small translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . fix out beer traps from late spring through pin .
Many chemical control are available on the marketplace , but can be vicious and pestilent for children and favorite ; take attention when using them - always understand the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly notice on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are forged where nights are coolheaded and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or hoar fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave will often turn yellowed or brown , kink up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often leave out early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and blank plant properly so they receive decent twinkle and melodic line circulation . Always body of water from below , prevent water supply off the foliage . This is predominant for rosiness . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal agent fit in to recording label directions before job becomes severe and watch over directions precisely , not miss any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all folio , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungus or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - border appearance . insect , pelting , pestiferous garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : transfer infected leaves when the plant is teetotal . leaf that gather up around the theme of the industrial plant should be scan up and throw out of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water system should be directed at soil stratum . For fungal leafage place , apply a commend fungicide according to label focus .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , refer to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . untried scales crawl until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then mislay their legs and remain on a daub protect by its hard shell bed . They seem as swelling , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . ordered series can step down a plant go to white-livered foliation and folio drop . They also produce a sweet essence called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are concentrated to control . Isolate infested plants by from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their ascendancy . Encourage raw enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty modeling is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant life . The dependable way to control sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be wipe from leave with a damp cloth or washed aside with a hose - end sprayer .
