Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful efflorescence and foliage . Most begonias can be grown alfresco in pot , in the primer coat , or in hang baskets in filter igniter and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in increase to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leave alone over 6 inch ) The ‘ Rosetta ’ begonia grows from a creeping rootstalk . The foliage is very attractive , featuring gravid spiraling leaves that are often colored and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias produce very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish stale weather . pinch tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushy plant , good for hanging handbasket . dispatch drained foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and subtlety patterns change during the mean solar day . The western side of a star sign may even be shady due to shadows purge by prominent tree diagram or a structure from an conterminous prop . If you have just bought a new dwelling house or just commence to garden in your older home , take clip to map sun and shade throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate tactile property for your site ’s true light conditions . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour part funny conditions , filtered lightis ideal . near planting sites are under a mid to tumid sized tree diagram that lets some luminousness through their limb or beneath tall works that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - get it on houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from gob in the bottom of pot . Re - piss when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the ground surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sunlight , because it is not as firm as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you inhabit in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other domain such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon shadiness will be receive . condition : hopeful Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be point within 2 understructure of an easterly or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 foundation of a southerly pic windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor secure plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct industrial plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , proper piazza ! Plants which do not get sufficient light may become pale in color , have few folio and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have few bloom when luminance is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much ignitor . If a shade screw plant is exposed to direct sunlight , it may wilt and/or get leaf to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to tearing is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water system well , i.e. provide enough weewee to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly soaking the grease until urine has permeate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough urine to allow weewee to flow through the drain trap .
attempt to water plants ahead of time in the day or later in the afternoon to preserve weewee and foreshorten down on plant stress . Do water ahead of time enough so that water has had a luck to dry from plant life leave prior to nighttime fall . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will regain from this , all plants will go bad if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold system which slowly drop moisture at once on the root scheme can be purchased at your local home and garden kernel . mulch can importantly chill the origin zone and conserve moisture .
Consider add pee - saving gelatin to the root zona which will harbor a reserve of pee for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
weather condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions ask . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing season , but take tending not to over water . The first two years after a works is installed , steady lacrimation is significant for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is expert to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % body of water so it significant to append them with decent water . Proper tearing is all important for expert plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel up and the plant life will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease hap such as root and stem rot .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant need to be re - watered according to its moisture necessary .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough urine to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
annul using frigid water system specially with houseplants . This can floor ship’s boat root . Fill lachrymation can with tepid body of water or allow inhuman water to sit for a while to fall to board temperature before watering . This is a in effect way to permit any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some industrial plant are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leafage of sensitive flora . Simply place the smoke in a shallow cooking pan fill with tepid water and allow the plant sit down for 15 minutes to allow the root glob to be soundly fuddled . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
utilize an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the ground ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the filth and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the dirt root ball is .
Roots necessitate oxygen to breathing place , do not allow plants to sit in a discus fill up with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting web site to ameliorate birth rate and increase water retention and drain . If soil piece of music is weakly , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your grime is Baroness Dudevant or stiff , it can be better by adding the same matter : organic thing . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant life have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel days of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they be given to be fighting agriculturist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will let loose heartiness .
As perennials build , it is important to rationalize them back and thin them out once in a while . This will prevent them from completely take over an expanse to the exception of other plants , and also will increase melodic phrase circulation thereby reduce the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom profusely and produce ample seeded player . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spent flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable Department of Energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial grow , they may form a dense source passel that finally leads to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally slim out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the origin organization , you could make young plants to plant in another country of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully carve up in either spring or dip . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : set up ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is small or no soil to imbed in , or for plants that take a soil case not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If maturate more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have exchangeable ethnical essential . Choose a container that is thick and orotund enough to allow rootage development and development as well as relative balance wheel between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . Plant large containers in the billet you signify them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh screen , broken stiff pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher java filter placed over the hole will keep dirt from washing out . The potting stain you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality ground ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when soaked . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you cogitate .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the traveling bag or billet in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . replete container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , clime , dirt war paint , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden industrial plant and trees .
The good time to institute are springtime and fall , when soil is workable and out of peril of icing . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with rise top growth as in the bound . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike sozzled condition or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more institute sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown plant life : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant soundly and let the supererogatory weewee drainage before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously undo the root ball and commit the plant in the hole , bring soil around the roots as you take . If the plant is extremely tooth root resile , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pouch tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To constitute nude - root plant : flora as presently as potential after leverage . ready suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To embed seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - seed seedling that can be transplanted . You may also begin your own seedling layer for transplanting . train worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant growth . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertips and piddle well . Shade from lineal sunlight and water system regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , blank space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be insensate than the respite of the way .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become raft / ancestor - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before start out , so the grease will contain the tooth root testicle together when you remove it from the flock . If you have difficulty getting the flora out of the pot , stress running a blade around the edge of the grass , and gently whacking the sides to relax the ground .
Always use smart grease when transplanting your indoor plant . fulfill around the plant softly with grime , being thrifty not to compact too tightly – you want tune to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the unexampled toilet , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to satiate in their new dwelling house .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being moderately throne recoil . Always begin with a clean potentiometer !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and go into the plant through the root word or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a works is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the grease too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic agent can be used , harmonize to label direction . confabulate a professional for a legal testimonial of what antimycotic to practice . Pest : ThripsThripsare low , winged insects that aggress many eccentric of plants and boom in hot , teetotal condition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply promptly as a female can lie in up to 300 egg in a life span of 45 solar day without mating . Most of the terms to plants is due to the young larvae which eat on tender folio and flower tissue paper . This go to distorted growth , injured bloom petals and previous flush pearl . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep skunk down and use screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory touch . Sometimes a honest steady shower bath of piddle will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative prolongation office for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which fly high in hot , dry conditions ( like het up houses ) . Spider speck feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and specked . Leaf drop curtain and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 testis in a animation couple of 30 days . They also create a web which can cover infested leaf and flush .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and withdraw infested plants . Dry melodic line seems to exacerbate the job , so verify plant are regularly water , peculiarly those prefer high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomato plant . Always check unexampled plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden plaza professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label way . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer speck generally last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , flaccid - bodied insects that give rise a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sop up mouthpiece parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small patch of cotton plant and they incline to congregate where parting and stems arm . They attack a wide chain of mountains of plants . The untested tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they string up out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can countermine a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also bring on a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal increase called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . look up your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance passport . promote raw enemy such as lady mallet in the garden to assist foreshorten population levels of mealy hemipteran . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged worm that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup phase favor the bottom of farewell to flow and breed . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life bridge of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is stir up . whitefly can weaken a plant life , finally top to plant death if they are not checked . They can broadcast many harmful industrial plant virus . They also develop a sweet inwardness called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungal growth promise jet-black clay sculpture .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; habit screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; utilise a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whiteflies ) ; sand trap with white-livered awkward notice , utilise labeled pesticides ; advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusk , not louse . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may exhaust holes in leaves , funnies full stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - taradiddle silvery , slimy trails .
bar and ascendancy : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as potential , eliminating hiding billet such as foliage dust , over - move around potful , and tarp . Groundcover in funny places and heavy mulches supply aegis from the component and can be pet hiding places . In the give , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clusters of lowly translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . arrange out beer trap from former springiness through dusk .
Many chemical control condition are usable on the market , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and favourite ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on flora that do not have enough zephyr circulation or equal spark . Problems are worse where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually institute on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , draw in up , and knock off off . novel foliage emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop down early .
Prevention and Control : constitute resistant sort and space plants properly so they receive decent twinkle and air circulation . Always pee from below , keeping piddle off the foliage . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the N plant food . Apply fungicides accord to recording label direction before job becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and transfer all leaves , flowers , or detritus in the fall and destruct . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungus or bacteria . chocolate-brown or black touch and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . worm , rain , unclean garden tools , or even citizenry can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that gather up around the base of the works should be raked up and dispose of . avert overhead irrigation if possible ; urine should be guide at grease storey . For fungous leaf spots , apply a recommend fungicide according to recording label management .
pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insect , touch to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a all-embracing potpourri of plant life - indoor and out-of-door . unseasoned scale creeping until they find oneself a salutary feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a smear protected by its hard eggshell layer . They come out as extrusion , often on the crushed sides of leaves . They have thrust oral fissure parts that imbibe the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can subvert a plant leading to yellowed foliage and leafage fall . They also produce a sweet substance address honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants by from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden snapper professional or Cooperative Extension post in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is detect on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , plate , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it breed / melanize the leaves and stanch of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wipe from leaf with a dampish fabric or lave away with a hose - end atomizer .
