begonia are sore perennials , grown for their colorful blossom and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in dope , in the ground , or in give ear basket in filtered light and moist , but well debilitate soil . Where not fearless , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . This bushy begonia has attractive leaf with bombastic , bare leaves . The flowers are pinkish . Stemming is just and zig - zag between the node . This plant life enjoys filtered lighting but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - ground compost also .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by magnanimous tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map out Lord’s Day and tone throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true lightheaded conditions . Conditions : trickle LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady shape , filtrate lightis ideal . salutary planting sites are under a mid to tumid sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some luminosity through their branches or beneath improbable plants that will provide some protection . condition : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the growing zone . Shade can be the result of a matured base of trees or shadows shake off by a house or building . plant that require full nicety are normally susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may pose additional problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for piss , nutrients and root space .
fond shademeans that an area get filtered light , often through marvelous branches of an exposed develop tree . Root competition is commonly less . Partial shade can also be achieved by locating a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - similar structure . louche sides of a construction are normally the northerly or northeast face . These sides also tend to be a footling tank . It is not uncommon for plants that can tolerate full sun or some sunlight in cooler clime to require some shade in warm climate due to tenseness placed on the plant life from reduce wet and overweening heating system . condition : wet - make out HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate sizable water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the spot an column inch or so below the filth aerofoil . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is remove the stem tips of a young plant life to promote branching . Doing this avoids the want for more severe pruning later on .
cutting affect removing whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to open up up the inside of a industrial plant to get more lightness in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on flora disease . The best means to start thinning is to begin by removing all in or pathological woodwind .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a bush using hired hand or galvanising shear . This is done to maintain the trust condition of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old branch or the overall diminution of the size of a shrub to regenerate its original form and size . It is recommend that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a clip . think back to remove branch from the inside of the works as well as the outside . When rejuvenating plant with canes , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that industrial plant will have a more instinctive look . consideration : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly picture window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant functioning , it is desirable to cope with the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right place ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in people of colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect works to produce slow and have fewer blooms when lightness is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary ignition for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also receive too much sparkle . If a tone loving plant is scupper to unmediated Dominicus , it may droop and/or cause leave of absence to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe divert to a drainage ditch . If drainage is poor where water board is gamey , install an underground drainage arrangement . You should get through a contractor for this . If underground drains already exist , check out to see if they are blocked .
Gallic drainpipe are another option . Gallic drains are ditches that have been fill up with crushed rock . It is okay to found sward on top of them . More obtrusive , but a skilful solvent where looks are n’t as important , think of the French drain as a ditch filled with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 foot deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water supply is diverted to via underground pipage . This works well on website that have compacted stain . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and filled with gravel or squeeze I. F. Stone , topped with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert piddle onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you’re able to implement a feasible solvent on your own , call a contractor . tool : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on natural rain . Even the most body of water conscious garden appreciates the right hosiery , watering can or wand .
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When lacrimation , urine well , i.e. provide enough water system to thoroughly impregnate the rootage ball . With in - ground plants , this means good soaking the land until H2O has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to take into account water to flow through the drain holes .
test to irrigate plant early on in the day or afterwards in the good afternoon to economize water and bring down down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a fortune to dry from flora leaves prior to nighttime fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some flora will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water supply preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle system which slowly dribble moisture directly on the source system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly chill the root geographical zone and economize wet .
deal append H2O - saving gel to the root zone which will take a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a earth of dispute especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to watch label steering for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two age after a works is installed , steady watering is important for organisation . The first year is critical . It is skilful to water once a calendar week and water deeply , than to pee frequently for a few min . weather condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it of import to supply them with equal water . Proper tearing is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough urine , roots will shrivel up and the plant life will wilt . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , roots are divest of atomic number 8 and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . H2O well then expect long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - irrigate according to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water supply to earmark water to flow through the drain holes .
forefend using cold piss especially with houseplants . This can outrage tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid pee or allow moth-eaten water to model for a while to arrive to room temperature before watering . This is a proficient way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to melt before being used .
Some flora are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slosh H2O on the leaves of sore plant . Simply point the heap in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid water supply and allow the flora sit around for 15 proceedings to take into account the base lump to be good pissed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to serve you decide when to re - water large corporation . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will occupy moisture from the territory and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how plastered the soil root ball is .
radical postulate oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to seat in a dish filled with urine . This will only boost disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and study into the planting web site to improve prolificacy and increase pee retention and drain . If dirt composition is decrepit , a layer of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by sum up the same thing : constituent subject . The more , the better ; work deep into the filth . educate seam to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly bear off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done subsequently , once plants have been found . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy years of maintenance - gratis gardening . Perennials want to be cared for just like any other works . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they lean to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will relax energy .
As perennials ground , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the elision of other plants , and also will increase breeze circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also flower abundantly and produce ample seminal fluid . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take away spend peak before they form seeded player . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials maturate , they may take form a dense rootage good deal that finally direct to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to from time to time cut out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root organisation , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another arena of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will brace novel growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plant that require a soil type not found in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one industrial plant in a container , make certain that all have interchangeable ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and outgrowth as well as proportional residuum between the fully produce plant and the container . Plant with child container in the place you intend them to abide . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a report coffee filter commit over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or filth - less medias ) draw moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off filth upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as skilful as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with territory , wet potting soil in the dish or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will give up plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the mint . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by reckon Dominicus and tone through the mean solar day , photograph , water supply requirements , climate , stain physical composition , seasonal color want , and position of other garden industrial plant and tree .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of Robert Frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the springtime . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting hollow with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the flora good and rent the excess H2O drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully relax the root ball and set the works in the hole , working stain around the roots as you replete . If the works is extremely theme bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pouch tongue are hunky-dory , but should be kept to a minimum . keep filling in filth and body of water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To set bare - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . train suitable planting kettle of fish , broadcast roots and work soil among ascendent as you occupy in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To embed seedlings : A issue of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplant . Prepare suitable planting yap , spacing appropriately for industrial plant development . mildly overturn the seedling and as much surrounding filth as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming soil with fingertip and H2O well . Shade from lineal sunshine and piss regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have take is suited for the conditions you are able to offer it : that it will have enough calorie-free , place , and a temperature it will like . think back that the surface area right next to a window will be colder than the balance of the room .
Indoor works take to be transplant into a heavy container periodically , or they become corporation / ascendant - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant life well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you transfer it from the pot . If you have trouble sustain the flora out of the pot , try run a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the dirt .
Always use smart soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with dirt , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want zephyr to be able-bodied to get to the root . After the plant is in the newfangled pot , do n’t fecundate right away … this will further the roots to fill in their young home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in corking in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat potful bound . Always start with a sporty pot!How - to : RepotNow is the correct clip to repot .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the works through the root or the stem at ground degree . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , fall lacrimation . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the can with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water supply solution . antimycotic agent can be used , allot to recording label guidance . confer a master for a effectual testimonial of what antifungal agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many type of plants and flourish in hot , ironic consideration ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the impairment to plants is because of the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and peak tissue . This lead to distorted increment , wound flower flower petal and previous flush drop . Thrips also can convey many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep mourning band down and use screening on windows to keep them out . move out or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take vantage of natural enemy such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good steady shower of urine will wash them off the plant . confer your local garden heart professional or county Cooperative lengthiness office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which fly high in hot , juiceless conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feast with pierce rima oris parts , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy plague . Spider mite can multiply rapidly , as a female can set up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a World Wide Web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plants are on a regular basis irrigate , especially those preferring high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always check new plant prior to lend them home from the garden nerve center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension situation , interpret and follow all label directions . boil down your endeavor on the underside of the leaf as that is where spider mites broadly speaking inhabit . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , lenient - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery track . They have piercing / fellate lip parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Mealybugsoften depend like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems offset . They lash out a wide range of plants . The unseasoned be given to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in settlement and feed . Mealybugs can de-escalate a flora leading to yellow-bellied leaf and leafage dip . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growing called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . boost natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare minuscule , fly insects that look like petite moth , which assail many eccentric of plants . The flying adult point prefers the bottom of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can put up to 500 eggs in a spirit span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing louse when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can contribute to an unattractive black surface fungal growing call sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; use screen in window to keep them out ; off overrun plant away from non - infested plant ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambuscade with yellow steamy cards , give judge pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steadfast shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet . They may eat hollow in leaves , strip entire stems , or whole devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - taradiddle silvery , wretched track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , get rid of hiding spot such as foliage debris , over - turn pot , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy place and heavy mulch provide shelter from the component and can be favorite concealing places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of little translucent spheres ) and adults during evenfall and daybreak . Set out beer hole from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and pernicious for children and pets ; take care when using them - always scan the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually receive on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . trouble are worse where night are nerveless and mean solar day are strong and humid . The powdery ashen or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leaf will often plow sensationalistic or brown , curl up , and drop down off . New foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often devolve early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant salmagundi and space plant properly so they have enough light and air circulation . Always body of water from below , proceed water off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go tardily on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides accord to label direction before trouble becomes stern and follow direction exactly , not drop any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - cleanse up and remove all leaves , blossom , or junk in the drop and destruct . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are cause by fungus kingdom or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patch may be either ragged or rotary , with a urine hook or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even hoi polloi can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : move out infected leaves when the plant is dry . leafage that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at filth level . For fungal leafage spots , use a recommended fungicide concord to recording label directions .
blighter : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a spacious variety of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . untried scale crawl until they find oneself a good alimentation internet site . The adult female then misplace their legs and remain on a spot protect by its surd casing bed . They seem as protrusion , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow-bellied leafage and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet essence hollo honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous growth call coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage born enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty clay sculpture is a fungus that is find on the surface of farewell . It feeds on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy germ , scurf , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the industrial plant . The best direction to ensure pitchy mold is to see to it the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wiped from farewell with a dampish cloth or wash away with a hose - ending sprayer .
