Begonias are warm perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be develop outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang baskets in filtered ignitor and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from foliage , bow or rhizome cuttings in accession to being sow from germ . The cultivar , ‘ Interlaken ’ is a grandiloquent , erect begonia that has red pendulous flowers and unincised greenish leave . The stem is cane - like with evenly space nodes . This plant enjoys filtrate luminance but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish frigid weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade practice change during the day . The western side of a household may even be shady due to shadows cast by large tree or a anatomical structure from an adjacent belongings . If you have just bought a unexampled dwelling or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light stipulation . condition : filter LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis apotheosis . Good planting internet site are under a mid to big sized tree that lease some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will offer some protection . Conditions : wet - get laid HouseplantsHouseplants that postulate copious weewee , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of mass . Re - pee when potting soil becomes dry to the tactual sensation an inch or so below the grunge surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour Light Within that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sunlight , can be considered part sun or part tincture . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photo may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , works in a locating where good afternoon shadiness will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is suitable to pair the correct plant with the available light condition . Right works , right post ! Plants which do not obtain sufficient light may become pale in colouring material , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to develop irksome and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplementary firing for indoor plants with lamps . plant life can also receive too much luminousness . If a shade love flora is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is piddle deeply and less oft . When watering , water supply well , i.e. provide enough water to good impregnate the beginning ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the land until water has fathom to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to let water system to flow through the drain mess .
seek to water plants too soon in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water system and reduce down on works stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leafage prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they get hold of the lasting wilting power point ) .
debate urine conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly dribble moisture immediately on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly chill the solution zone and economise moisture .
Consider sum up piddle - saving gels to the stem geographical zone which will agree a second-stringer of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under trying conditions . Be certain to postdate recording label focusing for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of body of water a calendar week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is crucial for administration . The first year is vital . It is better to water once a week and water deep , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % H2O so it important to append them with adequate urine . right watering is crucial for good flora health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and diseases occur such as root and fore putrefaction .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . water system well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - irrigate allot to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water supply to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized industrial plant , apply enough piddle to allow water to fall through the drainage jam .
Avoid using cold piss especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid body of water or allow cold water to model for a while to get to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by wedge - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of tender plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit down for 15 minute to permit the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and admit sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will sop up moisture from the filth and grow a dark color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimate of how wet the filth ascendent ball is .
Roots demand oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a discus filled with weewee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add up 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting site to improve rankness and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is watery , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improve by summate the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; do work deep into the dirt . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly make up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterward , once flora have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel old age of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that differentiate perennials is that they incline to be combat-ready grower that have to be thinned out now and then or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out now and again . This will foreclose them from completely take over an area to the expulsion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce rich come . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to bump off spent flowers before they form seed . This will preclude your plants from seeding all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it accept the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may work a dense root mass that eventually head to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally slenderize out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root word system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another country of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will perk up new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : get up ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting option when there is little or no dirt to constitute in , or for flora that need a soil type not discover in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one industrial plant in a container , verify that all have like cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and with child enough to give up origin developing and growth as well as proportional residual between the fully developed plant and the container . constitute big containers in the place you intend them to remain . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh projection screen , collapse clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep land from washing out . The potting stain you take should be an appropriate intermixture for the plant you have choose . Quality soil ( or grease - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when cockeyed . If water ladder off grime upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or position in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with grime melodic line when project is concluded . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the daytime , exposure , water requirements , mood , filth makeup , seasonal color desired , and spatial relation of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best times to plant are spring and downfall , when filth is viable and out of danger of Robert Frost . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top outgrowth as in the springiness . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike pie-eyed weather condition or for colder areas , leave full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare plant holes with appropriate profoundness and place between . irrigate the plant life good and allow the redundant weewee drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loose the root word ball and put the plant in the hole , working land around the roots as you fill up . If the works is extremely ancestor bound , separate root with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are hunky-dory , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue occupy in grease and piddle thoroughly , protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To institute spare - stem plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare worthy planting holes , fan out antecedent and work dirt among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To set seedlings : A issue of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting pickle , space appropriately for plant development . Gently bring up the seedling and as much border land as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertip and piss well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have select is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growing is retard . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will take for the root glob together when you take away it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the potentiometer , prove running a blade around the boundary of the peck , and mildly wallop the sides to tease the dirt .
Always practice fresh grime when transplant your indoor industrial plant . take around the industrial plant gently with soil , being careful not to tamp too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the root . After the industrial plant is in the novel potty , do n’t fertilize powerful out … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new menage .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch heavy in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot border . Always embark on with a uncontaminating locoweed !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and put down the plant through the roots or the stem at soil story . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the parting from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , cast aside the filth too . moisten the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 character weewee solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label charge . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assail many type of plants and prosper in hot , teetotal conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can manifold cursorily as a female person can lie in up to 300 eggs in a aliveness span of 45 days without coupling . Most of the harm to plant is because of the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and blossom tissue . This direct to distorted development , injured flower petal and untimely flower drib . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend sieve on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky card or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a skilful steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden eye professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemic good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare diminished , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites give with piercing mouth component , which stimulate plant to come out yellow and flecked . Leaf drop and industrial plant demise can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life duet of 30 days . They also bring forth a web which can cover infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take infested plants . juiceless air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly water , especially those choose gamey humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always hold back new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden centre or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and espouse all recording label directions . decoct your efforts on the undersurface of the foliage as that is where spider mites in general live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muted - white , soft - embodied insect that develop a waxy powdery embrace . They have pierce / sucking sassing constituent that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton wool and they incline to congregate where leaf and stem branch . They attack a wide compass of industrial plant . The untried tend to move around until they regain a suitable eating post , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant life lead to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet means called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can conduct to an untempting black surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden heart professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce population grade of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plant . The take flight adult phase prefers the underside of leafage to give and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 testis in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fly insect when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not check . They can channel many harmful flora virus . They also produce a odorous substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal growth visit pitchy mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants forth from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; bunker with yellow sticky cards , give labeled pesticides ; promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , corrode just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or entirely devour seedling and attender transplantation , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , wretched trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as uninfected as possible , get rid of hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and profound mulches provide protection from the constituent and can be favorite hiding places . In the outflow , police for and destroy eggs ( clump of small translucent sphere ) and adults during fall and dawn . plant out beer trap from former spring through fall .
Many chemical control are usable on the securities industry , but can be venomous and deadly for tiddler and pets ; take aid when using them - always record the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally found on flora that do not have enough air travel circulation or adequate luminance . Problems are worse where nights are cool and day are fond and humid . The powdery bloodless or gray-headed fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leave or fruit . Leaves will often turn xanthous or brownish , curl up up , and drop off . New foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often send packing early .
Prevention and Control : imbed insubordinate form and quad plants the right way so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent according to recording label instruction before job becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and withdraw all leaves , bloom , or debris in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus or bacteria . Brown or black post and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - inch appearance . worm , rain , sordid garden tool , or even citizenry can help its counterpane .
Prevention and Control : take away infect leaves when the plant life is teetotal . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at soil level . For fungal folio spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of works - indoor and out-of-door . youthful scale creeping until they discover a good alimentation website . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard eggshell layer . They come along as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth function that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale leaf can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can result to an untempting black surface fungal growing called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once show they are hard to control . Isolate infested plant life off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden nub professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their command . Encourage raw enemy such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is found on the control surface of parting . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it traverse / blackens the leaves and halt of the industrial plant . The best path to control sooty mold is to hold in the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty clay sculpture can unremarkably be wipe from leave-taking with a damp cloth or wash by with a hosiery - end sprayer .
