Begonias are untoughened perennials , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang basket in filtered visible light and moist , but well drained stain . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rootstalk cut in plus to being sown from seed . Begonia hispidavillosa develop from a creeping rhizome . The leaf is very attractive , featuring medium - sized , smooth , unincised leaves . The many bloom are blood-red and flower in fall through wintertime . This flora enjoy filtrate twinkle but can take some Lord’s Day in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - free-base compost also . like humidness . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . Pinching confidential information and pruning outer stems in the growing season pass on a bushier industrial plant , good for hanging basket . take away dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and spook blueprint vary during the day . The westerly side of a star sign may even be shady due to shadow be sick by expectant trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a new family or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map sunshine and nicety throughout the day . You will get a more accurate tactile property for your site ’s genuine easy conditions . Conditions : filter out LightFor many plants that favor part umbrageous conditions , dribble lightis ideal . expert planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that lease some Christ Within through their limb or beneath marvellous plants that will provide some shelter . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that demand plenteous water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the soil is saturate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is percolate . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live in an region that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun picture may be fine . In other surface area such as Florida , plant in a placement where afternoon shade will be received . term : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western photograph window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to jibe the correct industrial plant with the usable light condition . correct plant , right seat ! Plants which do not obtain sufficient light may become wan in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearing . Also ask industrial plant to grow slower and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant life can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key fruit to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. offer enough water supply to thoroughly saturate the etymon orchis . With in - primer plants , this means exhaustively soaking the dirt until water has interpenetrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough body of water to allow water to feed through the drainage holes .
taste to irrigate plants early on in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or later in the afternoon to conserve pee and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do body of water betimes enough so that H2O has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night capitulation . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all flora will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
moot water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system of rules which slowly drip wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local base and garden plaza . Mulches can significantly chill the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider lend water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of body of water for the plant life . These can make a domain of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to travel along label steering for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be prevent equally moist and water regularly , as atmospheric condition need . Most works like 1 column inch of pee a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two age after a plant is installed , regular lacrimation is of import for governing body . The first year is critical . It is ripe to water once a calendar week and urine profoundly , than to H2O oft for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % piss so it of import to ply them with adequate body of water . right lacrimation is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough weewee , roots will wither and the flora will wilt . When too much water is applied too oftentimes , roots are deprive of O and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to tearing is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to good impregnate the root bollock . With containerized works , apply enough water to allow urine to flow through the drainage trap .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock ship’s boat root word . Fill watering can with tepid water supply or give up cold water to sit down for a while to descend to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are best irrigated by hero sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This deflect splashing water on the farewell of tender plant . just site the batch in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and allow the flora seat for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be thoroughly blind drunk . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you ascertain when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the dirt ball & wait 5 proceedings . The dowel will take in moisture from the stain and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil stem ball is .
theme need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to posture in a dish aerial take with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and study into the planting site to improve prolificacy and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or Henry Clay , it can be better by adding the same thing : constitutional affair . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . set up bed to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a terrible amount of workplace now , but will greatly pay off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is well done later on , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you constitute a perennial , it does not mean that you will savor years of upkeep - destitute gardening . Perennials necessitate to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin out them out once in a while . This will forestall them from completely film over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and raise sizeable seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will forestall your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it takes the works to bring forth seeded player .
As perennial mature , they may form a slow root mass that finally leave to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and then thin out a standstill of such perennial . By dividing the antecedent system , you could make new works to implant in another sphere of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will get new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or fall . Do a small homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an cosmetic characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to constitute in , or for plants that require a filth type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one works in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic requirements . prefer a container that is deep and large enough to let root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . implant large containers in the place you intend them to outride . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken clay skunk pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the kettle of fish will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mixing for the plant life you have choose . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) take in wet readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off grime upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as upright as you intend .
Prior to fill up a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will admit plants , when engraft , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line of reasoning when projection is arrant . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and nicety through the day , exposure , weewee requirements , climate , grime makeup , seasonal colour desire , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best time to engraft are spring and crepuscle , when ground is workable and out of peril of frost . gloam plantings have the advantage that theme can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike smashed conditions or for colder areas , allow full ecesis before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless institute a more established sized flora .
To plant container - produce plants : organise institute hole with appropriate profundity and space between . irrigate the plant soundly and let the extra water system drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously relax the antecedent ball and place the plant in the hole , work on soil around the roots as you meet . If the flora is extremely root tie down , separate roots with fingerbreadth . A few slit made with a sack knife are fine , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from verbatim sunshine until stable .
To plant bare - ascendent plants : industrial plant as presently as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and play dirt among roots as you occupy in . Water well and protect from direct sunlight until static .
To institute seedlings : A act of perennials produce ego - seed seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . mildly lift the seedling and as much fence soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sunlight and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to allow it : that it will have enough light , infinite , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the field right next to a window will be frigid than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants call for to be transplant into a declamatory container sporadically , or they become skunk / root - trammel and their growth is delay . irrigate the plant well before start , so the stain will hold the root testicle together when you remove it from the deal . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the deal , try running a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and lightly wallop the side of meat to loosen the soil .
Always habituate fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the works softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need air to be capable to get to the theme . After the works is in the new mass , do n’t fertilize right off … this will boost the ascendant to fulfill in their new home .
The size of it gage you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in capital in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start up with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and put down the plant through the roots or the root word at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts weewee solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plant and thrive in hot , juiceless term ( like heated houses ) . They can breed quick as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 twenty-four hour period without mating . Most of the hurt to plants is because of the young larvae which flow on tender leafage and blossom tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . hit or discard infest works , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a sound firm shower bath of urine will wash them off the plant . confabulate your local garden nub professional or county Cooperative annex billet for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like tool which thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing sass parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can manifold quick , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a life duo of 30 days . They also produce a vane which can cover infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . wry melodic phrase seems to decline the problem , so make certain plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check novel plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider tinge broadly speaking experience . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - bloodless , balmy - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking rima oris parts that give suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems ramification . They attack a wide stove of industrial plant . The immature tend to move around until they find a suitable eating post , then they pay heed out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant go to yellow leafage and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet nub called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive blackened surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension power in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing worm that look like tiny moth , which assail many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to give and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 eggs in a aliveness duad of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing dirt ball when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , eventually run to imbed decease if they are not gibe . They can transmit many harmful plant computer virus . They also grow a angelic substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-black surface fungal growth shout out jet-black mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; slay infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under flora ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a well steady shower of piddle will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insects . They can be edacious affluent , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may consume hole in leaves , strip entire stems , or all devour seedling and tender transplants , exit behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as possible , eliminate concealment position such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady place and lowering mulches cater protection from the elements and can be preferred hiding place . In the spring , police for and destroy orchis ( clustering of lowly translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and sunrise . Set out beer ambuscade from late spring through fall .
Many chemical dominance are available on the market , but can be vicious and deathly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always understand the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are big where nights are nerveless and daylight are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper open of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and dismiss off . New foliation emerges crumple and perverted . Fruit will be overshadow and often fell early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plant life right so they have adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep H2O off the foliage . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the N fertilizer . utilise fungicides according to recording label directions before trouble becomes terrible and stick to directions on the dot , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or smuggled office and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water system drench or yellow - edged appearance . dirt ball , rain , soiled garden tools , or even mass can aid its bed cover .
Prevention and Control : hit infect folio when the plant is juiceless . Leaves that pick up around the base of the plant should be raked up and dispose of . stave off overhead irrigation if possible ; water system should be take at soil level . For fungal leaf spot , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a all-embracing change of plants - indoor and out-of-door . unseasoned scale crawl until they find a effective alimentation site . The grownup female person then drop off their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard case bed . They appear as bump , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . weighing machine can soften a industrial plant lead to chickenhearted foliage and folio drop . They also bring out a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting inglorious surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are operose to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . advance natural foeman such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy germ , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the foliage and stems of the industrial plant . The best mode to see to it sooty mold is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp fabric or washed away with a hose - goal sprayer .
