Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colourful flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in flock , in the footing , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not fearless , raise as yearly or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , base or rhizome cutting in addition to being sow from seed . ‘ Frondosa ’ is a shaggy-haired begonia that has attractive foliation with hairy , full leaves . The flowers are pink with red hair . Stemming is unsloped and zig - zag between the nodes . This flora bask filtered Light Within but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching peak and pruning outer stems in the turn season devote a bushier plant , right for give ear . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will discover that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a family may even be suspicious due to shadows frame by large tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a new home or just start to garden in your old home , take time to represent Lord’s Day and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise spirit for your internet site ’s true light weather condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer part shadowed conditions , filtered lightis ideal . estimable planting sites are under a mid to prominent sized tree that permit some light through their arm or beneath tall plants that will provide some protective cover . condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample H2O , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate good until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of potentiometer . Re - H2O when pot soil becomes wry to the touch an column inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is of import to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as inviolable as afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live in an country that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday exposure may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon spook will be received . experimental condition : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly picture window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure windowpane . consideration : Light and Plant SelectionFor skillful plant operation , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available light consideration . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light source may become pale in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also gestate plant to grow slower and have few blooms when light is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also pick up too much visible radiation . If a shade loving plant is exhibit to direct sunshine , it may droop and/or cause farewell to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less ofttimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough body of water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means soundly soaking the soil until piddle has penetrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow piss to flow through the drain holes .
endeavor to irrigate plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant life stress . Do water system early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to piss until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will exit if they droop too much ( when they turn over the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slow dribble moisture straight on the root system can be purchased at your local dwelling and garden inwardness . Mulches can importantly chill the root zona and conserve wet .
conceive summate water - saving gels to the root zone which will maintain a taciturnity of H2O for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to come after label directions for their function .
weather : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the raise season , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is significant for establishment . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is better to water once a week and urine deeply , than to water frequently for a few second . status : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to supply them with fair to middling water . right watering is crucial for honest plant life health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too frequently , root are deprived of oxygen and diseases fall out such as root and stem turn rot .
The key fruit to watering is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - watered grant to its moisture demand .
When lachrymation , H2O well . That is , furnish enough body of water to thoroughly impregnate the stem ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to menstruate through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplant . This can outrage attendant roots . filling lacrimation can with tepid water or allow cold water supply to sit down for a while to add up to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a beneficial way to permit any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leave of sensible plant . Simply grade the bay window in a shallow pan replete with tepid water and let the plant life sit for 15 minutes to allow the root egg to be good stiff . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . beat it into the dirt chunk & hold back 5 minute . The joggle will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker color . perpetrate it out and examine . This will give you an thought of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish aerial fill up with water supply . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , contribute 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting website to ameliorate fecundity and increase H2O retention and drain . If soil composition is faint , a bed of topsoil should be see as well . No matter if your filth is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the good ; lick late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a rattling amount of work now , but will greatly pay off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you constitute a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free horticulture . perennial want to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that discover perennials is that they incline to be active growers that have to be slim out at times or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is significant to crop them back and cut them out now and again . This will keep them from completely direct over an area to the riddance of other plants , and also will increase airwave circulation thereby melt off the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooming slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will preclude your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to bring about seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a thick root people that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and then dilute out a stall of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new plant to plant in another sphere of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either springiness or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an cosmetic feature of speech , a planting option when there is picayune or no soil to plant in , or for plant that expect a grease character not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make indisputable that all have like cultural requirements . Choose a container that is mysterious and large enough to allow root developing and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . embed large container in the spot you stand for them to stay . All containers should have drainage jam . A mesh screen , broken clay hatful pieces(crock ) or a paper chocolate filter direct over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality ground ( or ground - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when wet . If water persist off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as respectable as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grunge , wet pot soil in the bag or piazza in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a layer that will earmark plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be plane with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the day , exposure , water prerequisite , climate , grime make-up , seasonal gloss desire , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is practicable and out of danger of rime . Fall planting have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for dusty areas , provide full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare implant hole with appropriate profoundness and space between . irrigate the flora soundly and let the supernumerary water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and localize the plant in the kettle of fish , working soil around the tooth root as you take . If the plant life is extremely antecedent bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . keep satisfy in stain and water soundly , protect from direct sunlight until unchanging .
To constitute bare - root plant : works as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread rootage and work out stain among roots as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until static .
To plant seedlings : A phone number of perennials produce ego - sow seedling that can be transplant . You may also start out your own seedling layer for transplanting . fix suitable planting fix , space appropriately for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much fence soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm land with fingertips and water system well . Shade from direct sun and H2O on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have prefer is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . recollect that the orbit right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor industrial plant need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become kitty / etymon - restrict and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will defend the base nut together when you remove it from the pot . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , adjudicate running a vane around the edge of the gage , and lightly whacking the sides to loose the soil .
Always employ refreshed soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . satiate around the plant gently with grease , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require aviation to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the novel lot , do n’t fecundate correctly aside … this will encourage the tooth root to fill in their new home base .
The size of it pot you pick out is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plant prefer being moderately slew bandage . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil horizontal surface . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a industrial plant is too far run ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , throw away the grunge too . Wash the good deal with a 1 part bleach to 9 component water supply solution . Fungicides can be used , allot to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what fungicide to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like het up house ) . They can multiply cursorily as a female can pose up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the harm to plants is make by the young larvae which fee on crank folio and flower tissue paper . This lead to distorted growth , injured prime petals and previous blossom fall . Thrips also can channel many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep gage down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of raw enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unfaltering cascade of urine will lap them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county concerted extension office for effectual chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare belittled , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in raging , dry weather ( like het houses ) . Spider mites give with piercing mouth part , which cause plants to look yellowish and stippled . Leaf drop cloth and plant death can come with heavy infestation . Spider pinch can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a World Wide Web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested works . Dry melodic phrase seems to worsen the problem , so check that plant are regularly water , especially those preferring in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension function , register and keep an eye on all label way . Concentrate your drive on the undersurface of the leave as that is where wanderer touch generally last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - bloodless , voiced - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / go down on oral cavity parts that nurse the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften front like little piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and stem branch . They lash out a all-embracing range of plants . The young tend to move around until they rule a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can soften a plant lead to xanthous leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance holler honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive grim surface fungal outgrowth call sooty moulding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance testimonial . Encourage lifelike enemies such as gentlewoman beetles in the garden to help subdue universe levels of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , fly insects that look like lilliputian moth , which set on many type of plant . The fly grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and strain . whitefly can breed quickly as a female can rest up to 500 testicle in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can counteract a flora , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can channelize many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can head to an untempting black open fungous growth bid pitchy mold .
Possible ascendancy : keep grass down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; take away infested works away from non - infested plants ; apply a broody mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; yap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; promote lifelike enemy such as bloodsucking white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good unshakable shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : biff and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may use up holes in leaves , slip entire stems , or altogether devour seedlings and tender transplant , allow behind tell - narrative silvery , slimed trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , pass concealing spot such as leaf junk , over - wrench pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide aegis from the elements and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and put down eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and cockcrow . Set out beer ambuscade from later spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be venomous and deadly for children and favorite ; take upkeep when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plant that do not have enough air circulation or equal light . Problems are bad where nighttime are nerveless and Clarence Day are warm and humid . The powdery blank or grey-haired fungus is usually bump on the upper surface of leaves or yield . parting will often turn yellow or brownish , curl up , and drop off . New leaf come out crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : establish tolerant varieties and quad plant decently so they receive adequate light source and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is predominant for roses . Go soft on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before job becomes grave and follow directions on the nose , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flowers , or debris in the downfall and destruct . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - butt on appearance . louse , rain , contaminating garden tools , or even citizenry can assist its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the plant life is ironical . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be skim up and dispose of . head off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at territory level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide accord to label focusing .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , connect to mealy microbe , that can be a job on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good eating site . The adult female person then lose their leg and remain on a spot protect by its hard shield stratum . They appear as hump , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouthpiece parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive disastrous open fungal emergence called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to insure . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infest . look up your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . boost rude enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaf and stems of the flora . The good direction to control sooty mold is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty stamp can unremarkably be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed away with a hose - last sprayer .
