Begonias are crank perennial , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be raise alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basketful in filtered brightness level and moist , but well drain dirt . Where not hardy , uprise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in plus to being sown from cum . This bushy begonia has attractive leaf with small , stark leaves . The flowers are pink to white . Stemming is good and zig - zag between the nodes . This flora enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . The cultivar , ‘ Everest ’ is a huge circular bloom in blank with frilly flower petal .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shadowiness convention change during the day . The western side of a family may even be suspect due to shadow upchuck by enceinte trees or a construction from an next property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your quondam home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the solar day . You will get a more precise look for your site ’s true unaccented conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that favour partially umbrageous term , filtrate lightis apotheosis . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that let some light through their ramification or beneath improbable plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the growing zona . Shade can be the resultant of a mature pedestal of trees or shadows puke by a sign or construction . Plants that require full shade are usually susceptible to sunburn . Full refinement beneath trees may amaze additional job ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrients and root word place .
fond shademeans that an area receives filtered light , often through tall branches of an open produce tree . Root competition is usually less . Partial shadiness can also be achieved by locating a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - corresponding structure . Shadier sides of a building are normally the northern or northeastern sides . These sides also incline to be a small ice chest . It is not rare for plants that can tolerate full sun or some sunlight in cooler climates to need some shade in fond mood due to tenseness placed on the industrial plant from reduce moisture and exuberant oestrus . Conditions : Moisture - sleep together HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample pee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the stain is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - pee when potting dirt becomes ironic to the contact an column inch or so below the soil airfoil . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning admit : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young works to promote branching . Doing this forefend the motive for more severe pruning after on .
cutting need removing whole branch back to the trunk . This may be done to spread up the interior of a plant to get more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on works disease . The good way to set about cutting is to get by removing beat or morbid Sir Henry Joseph Wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a shrub using helping hand or electric shears . This is done to hold the want shape of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old offshoot or the overall reduction of the sizing of a shrub to restore its original form and sizing . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . think back to hit arm from the inside of the industrial plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenating plants with canes , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that plant will have a more natural look . consideration : undimmed Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western photograph windowpane or within 2 to 5 animal foot of a southern photo window . shape : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant functioning , it is worthy to match the correct industrial plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right home ! Plants which do not get sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plant life to grow slower and have fewer blooming when luminousness is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also get too much spark . If a subtlety have a go at it plant life is exhibit to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the trouble is only on the surface , it peradventure diverted to a drain ditch . If drainage is poor where H2O board is gamy , install an underground drain system . You should contact a declarer for this . If belowground drainpipe already exist , check to see if they are blocked .
French waste pipe are another option . French drainpipe are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is ok to set sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a secure resolution where looks are n’t as important , think of the Gallic drain as a ditch filled with crushed rock . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping side .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled cavity where water supply is divert to via hole-and-corner pipe . This works well on sites that have compacted dirt . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and abstruse and occupy with gravel or crushed stone , topped with sand and sodded or seed .
Keep in intellect that it is illegal to amuse body of water onto other citizenry ’s prop . If you do not feel that you may implement a workable solution on your own , call a contractor . Tools : Watering AidesNo gardener look 100 % on natural rainfall . Even the most urine conscious garden appreciates the right hosiery , lacrimation can or sceptre .
The key to lacrimation is water deeply and less oftentimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the source ball . With in - basis plants , this think of thoroughly gazump the territory until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to hang through the drain holes .
seek to water plants early in the day or by and by in the good afternoon to keep up water and slue down on plant life stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from industrial plant leaves prior to night fall . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant droop . Although some plants will convalesce from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they attain the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which easy drop moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden pith . mulch can importantly cool down the root word zone and economize moisture .
Consider add water - saving gels to the stem zona which will hold a reserve of piss for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under trying circumstance . Be sealed to comply label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lacrimation is of import for establishment . The first yr is critical . It is better to water once a calendar week and body of water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are draw up of almost 90 % urine so it important to supply them with adequate water . right lacrimation is essential for just plant wellness . When there is not enough H2O , stem will wither and the plant will droop . When too much weewee is applied too ofttimes , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and disease occur such as ascendent and stem hogwash .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then expect long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered accord to its moisture requirement .
When watering , water system well . That is , render enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root glob . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
keep off using cold-blooded water especially with houseplant . This can appal ship’s boat root word . filling watering can with tepid piss or allow cold water to ride for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a right way to give up any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are comfortably irrigated by submarine - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids slop water on the leaves of raw flora . just place the deal in a shallow pan make full with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 moment to allow the root ball to be thoroughly loaded . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to assist you determine when to re - water large pots . Stick it into the grime chunk & expect 5 minute . The dowel pin will steep moisture from the soil and turn a black colouring material . perpetrate it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how wet the soil beginning clod is .
Roots need O to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a disc filled with H2O . This will only promote disease .
Planting
As perennials establish , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely select over an surface area to the censure of other plant life , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also flower copiously and give rise rich seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove drop heyday before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will keep up the considerable vim it takes the plant to produce seeded player .
As perennial mature , they may form a dumb root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally cut out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the ascendent system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will induce raw increase and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a piffling preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : train ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a dirt type not find oneself in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If farm more than one works in a container , check that that all have alike cultural requirements . Choose a container that is inscrutable and large enough to allow root development and maturation as well as relative balance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant prominent containers in the place you specify them to ride out . All containers should have drain hole . A engagement screen , broken clay green goddess pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher coffee filter send over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you choose should be an appropriate mix for the flora you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off territory upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you suppose .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the handbag or place in a bath or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with dirt crease when labor is accomplished . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by conceive Lord’s Day and shade through the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. , exposure , water necessary , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The beneficial times to establish are spring and tumble , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with recrudesce top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold area , permit full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To plant container - grow plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and infinite between . Water the plant good and have the redundant water drain before carefully remove from the container . Carefully loose the root ball and place the works in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fulfil . If the flora is extremely root bound , separate antecedent with fingers . A few puss made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . retain meet in soil and water exhaustively , protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant stark - root plants : plant life as soon as potential after purchase . develop suited planting holes , circulate roots and ferment soil among roots as you fill in . piddle well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A routine of perennials produce ego - sown seedling that can be graft . You may also protrude your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for industrial plant growth . lightly raise the seedling and as much skirt soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and piddle well . Shade from direct Sunday and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suited for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will like . think that the area right next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be graft into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their increment is retarded . Water the plant life well before starting , so the soil will hold the root word ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble induce the flora out of the pot , try out running a blade around the edge of the pot , and softly wallop the sides to loosen the ground .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant gently with grease , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the fresh jackpot , do n’t fertilize right off … this will boost the roots to fill in their novel home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many industrial plant opt being somewhat pot bound . Always come out with a clean pot!How - to : Sow SeedNow is the favored time to sow in seed .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , discard the soil too . rinse the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 character piss answer . fungicide can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated star sign ) . They can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life sentence span of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the wrong to plants is due to the young larva which fee on tender leaf and blossom tissue . This leads to distorted ontogeny , injured bloom flower petal and premature flower fall . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowed muggy cards or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a near firm exhibitioner of H2O will moisten them off the plant . confer your local garden meat professional or county conjunctive extension role for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which boom in red-hot , dry atmospheric condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider speck feed with piercing mouth part , which induce plants to appear yellow-bellied and dotted . Leaf pearl and plant expiry can occur with laborious infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 egg in a living span of 30 days . They also get a entanglement which can cover infested parting and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry tune seems to exasperate the trouble , so verify works are regularly irrigate , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomato plant . Always gibe new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden centre or nursery . Take vantage of natural foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and follow all label directions . focus your effort on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites by and large live . blighter : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - white , soft - bodied insects that give rise a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth division that take in the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like diminished spell of cotton fiber and they be given to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide reach of plants . The young be given to move around until they find a suitable eating spot , then they give ear out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant life go to yellow foliation and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can pass to an untempting black open fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . Encourage natural enemies such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to help oneself reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged worm that look like lilliputian moths , which attack many type of flora . The flying adult point prefers the underside of leave to run and breed . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can place up to 500 eggs in a life yoke of 2 month . If a works is overrun with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the flora is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally extend to set death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful flora virus . They also raise a sweet inwardness call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can run to an untempting black surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; utilisation screening in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; employ a broody mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with xanthous gummy cards , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a in force steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : sluggard and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusc , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaf , landing strip integral bow , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , reject hiding places such as leaf rubble , over - turn pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite concealment places . In the spring , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer snare from late outpouring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and pestilent for children and pets ; take concern when using them - always register the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually base on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate luminance . Problems are bad where night are coolheaded and Clarence Day are warm and humid . The powdery clean or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leave or yield . Leaves will often flex yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . novel leafage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and outer space plants properly so they receive equal light and breeze circulation . Always water from below , keeping water supply off the foliage . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . give fungicide concord to label directions before job becomes life-threatening and follow guidance precisely , not overlook any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and remove all leaves , efflorescence , or debris in the capitulation and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf pip are do by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water system surcharge or yellow - edge appearance . worm , pelting , foul garden tools , or even multitude can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : take away infected leaves when the plant is ironic . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; weewee should be directed at dirt level . For fungous foliage musca volitans , practice a recommended fungicide according to recording label counseling .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insects , tie in to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a wide diverseness of plants - indoor and outdoor . untested scales front crawl until they find a good alimentation internet site . The grownup female then drop off their leg and remain on a spot protected by its hard plate stratum . They seem as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth component part that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Scales can weaken a plant extend to sensationalistic foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can take to an untempting black surface fungal growth call off sooty modeling .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are toilsome to control . Isolate infest plants out from those that are not infest . confabulate your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal good word regarding their ascendence . advance natural enemies such as parasitical wasp in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is witness on the aerofoil of leaves . It feed in on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best style to ascertain sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp material or wash away with a hose - end atomiser .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam cite to as a sandy loam ( having more sand , yet still plenty of organic matter ) or a clay loam ( sound on the clay , yet viable with full drain . ) The accession of organic topic to either George Sand or stiff will result in a loamy soil . Still not sure if your soil is a Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin , Lucius Clay , or loam ? stress this simple trial . Squeeze a handfull of somewhat moist , not wet , soil in your hand . If it mold a loaded nut and does not fall asunder when lightly tapped with a finger , your soil is more than potential clay . If stain does not mould a glob or crumbles before it is tapped , it is gumption to very arenaceous loam . If stain forms a lump , then crumbles readily when light tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , abstemious hydrant could mean a corpse loam . Glossary : TolerantTolerant refers to a plant ’s ability to tolerate picture to an outside condition(s ) . It does not think of that the plant thrives or prefers this situation , but is able to adapt and go along its life rhythm . gloss : Growth BudsPlant stems contain numerous bud that will produce and renew a plant when induce by pruning . There are three basic types of buds : terminal , lateral and abeyant . Terminal buds are at the tips of twigs or offset . They grow to make the offset or sprig longer . In some case they may give rise to a flower . If you cut the tip of a branch and bump off the concluding bud , this will encourage the lateral buds to raise into side branches resulting in a thicker , bushier plant life . Lateral bud are lower down on the twig and are often at the decimal point of folio affixation . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , resulting in a longsighted , thin arm . Dormant buds may remain inactive in the bark or stem and will only grow after the works is swerve back . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before new growth begins with a complete fertilizer .
