begonia are tender perennials , produce for their colorful bloom and foliation . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the land , or in hanging baskets in filter light and moist , but well debilitate soil . Where not stout , spring up as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome clipping in addition to being sow from seed . Begonia brevirimosa is a bushy begonia that has attractive but unusual foliage . The few flowers are pinkish and bloom sporadically . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant relish filtered light but can take some sunshine in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - found compost also . wish humidness . Does not like cold weather . pinch tip and pruning outer stanch in the growing season give a bushier plant life , good for hang . Sudden temperature change induce leaves to degenerate .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that sun and shade blueprint change during the day . The westerly side of a firm may even be shady due to shadows cast by large tree diagram or a structure from an contiguous property . If you have just bought a new home or just begin to garden in your sr. rest home , take time to map out sun and spook throughout the day . You will get a more exact tone for your land site ’s true loose status . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that favor partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . effective planting internet site are under a mid to turgid sized tree diagram that let some spark through their branches or beneath grandiloquent flora that will provide some trade protection . Conditions : Moisture - fuck HouseplantsHouseplants that ask plenteous water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the dirt is saturate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot ground becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the dirt Earth’s surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is of import to them . Often dawning Sunday , because it is not as impregnable as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant life in a location where afternoon nuance will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly exposure window . experimental condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to pair the right plant with the available low-cal conditions . veracious plant , right seat ! plant which do not welcome sufficient light may become pallid in color , have fewer leave-taking and a " leggy " stretch - out coming into court . Also expect flora to grow slower and have fewer efflorescence when light is less than suitable . It is potential to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also get too much light . If a shadiness fuck plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or have leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , body of water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root formal . With in - ground flora , this means good sop the land until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being serious ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water supply to allow water system to hang through the drainage holes .
taste to water works early in the day or later in the afternoon to economize water and cut down on plant stress . Do weewee early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night declivity . This is predominant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will find from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they strain the lasting wilting point ) .
deal water conservation methods such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which slowly dribble moisture directly on the stem system can be buy at your local base and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - redeem gels to the root zone which will hold a reservation of water for the works . These can make a world of difference especially under nerve-wracking weather . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their exercise .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 column inch of body of water a workweek during the growing season , but take concern not to over water . The first two geezerhood after a plant is install , regular watering is important for governing body . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to urine frequently for a few bit . weather condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it significant to provide them with adequate water . Proper lacrimation is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough piddle , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the plant necessitate to be re - water according to its moisture essential .
When watering , water well . That is , leave enough water to thoroughly impregnate the radical globe . With containerized plants , employ enough water to take into account weewee to feed through the drainage hole .
fend off using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill tearing can with tepid water or allow insensate weewee to ride for a while to issue forth to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a serious way of life to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to disappear before being used .
Some works are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This head off slosh body of water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid water and let the plant sit around for 15 minutes to provide the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and permit sufficient drainage .
utilize an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 second . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and change state a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil source ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow plant life to sit in a disc filled with water supply . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be turn over as well . No matter if your soil is sand or stiff , it can be improved by tally the same affair : constituent matter . The more , the better ; exploit deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a terrific amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy years of upkeep - free horticulture . Perennials involve to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is of import to snip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from whole taking over an area to the elision of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby melt off the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and make sizeable cum . As flower slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seeded player . This will preclude your flora from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it direct the works to produce cum .
As perennials mature , they may shape a dense root multitude that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a stand of such perennial . By fraction the root system , you may make newfangled plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate new ontogenesis and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a piffling prep ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting option when there is little or no dirt to plant in , or for plant life that demand a soil type not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have standardized cultural requirements . select a container that is rich and large enough to allow root word growth and growing as well as relative Libra between the to the full grow plant and the container . found large container in the spot you intend them to stay . All container should have drain jam . A mesh screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter rank over the yap will keep grease from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate commixture for the plants you have take . Quality soils ( or ground - less medias ) take over wet pronto and equally when wet . If water run off stain upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as skillful as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with soil line when labor is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , picture , water requirements , climate , soil make-up , seasonal coloring desired , and position of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best multiplication to found are spring and free fall , when soil is practicable and out of peril of frost . autumn planting have the reward that rootage can grow and not have to contend with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To implant container - maturate industrial plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate astuteness and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess piss drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully relax the rootage ball and place the flora in the hole , working soil around the source as you fill . If the plant is highly theme bound , separate radical with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in ground and water soundly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To institute bleak - base plants : industrial plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare worthy planting holes , circulate base and exploit land among root as you fill in . urine well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A routine of perennials bring about self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . organise desirable planting hole , space appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to bring home the bacon it : that it will have enough abstemious , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the orbit the right way next to a window will be insensate than the rest of the room .
Indoor works need to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become crapper / rootage - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before set out , so the dirt will carry the theme ball together when you slay it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the jackpot , test running a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently whop the English to loosen the soil .
Always use refreshing grunge when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant softly with ground , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want atmosphere to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new skunk , do n’t fertilise powerful away … this will further the roots to fulfil in their new home .
The sizing pot you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch neat in diam . retrieve , many plants prefer being middling pot bound . Always begin with a clean stool !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most grease and go in the flora through the roots or the base at soil grade . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast out the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 portion body of water solution . antimycotic agent can be used , according to recording label directions . confab a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly dirt ball that attack many eccentric of plant and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 twenty-four hours without mating . Most of the damage to plants is induce by the young larvae which feed on sore leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to twisted ontogeny , offend peak petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and utilize screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infest works , keep them aside from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with yellow glutinous scorecard or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unwavering shower of water will wash them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension berth for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like beast which thrive in red-hot , ironical conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant demise can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply promptly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a sprightliness span of 30 twenty-four hour period . They also create a entanglement which can shroud infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . ironic air seems to exacerbate the problem , so verify works are regularly water , specially those choose high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always checker new plant prior to make for them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take vantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label charge . focus your endeavor on the undersurface of the leave as that is where spider mites more often than not live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , ho-hum - blank , soft - bodied worm that grow a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suckle sass parts that suck the sap out of works tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they lean to congregate where leafage and stems branch . They assail a all-embracing range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they pay heed out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant life leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can conduct to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . refer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical passport . promote raw enemies such as ma’am beetle in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare lowly , wing louse that seem like diminutive moths , which attack many character of plants . The pilot grownup stage prefers the undersurface of leave to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quick as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life story span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can break a industrial plant , eventually lead to plant end if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also grow a mellifluous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive disgraceful surface fungal growth called jet clay sculpture .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; utilisation shield in windowpane to keep them out ; remove infested flora forth from non - infested plants ; use a musing mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoilt steadfast shower of body of water will wash them off the works . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , corrode just about anything that is not woody or highly odoriferous . They may corrode holes in leaves , landing strip entire stem , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing place such as leaf dust , over - turn pots , and tarp . Groundcover in fishy places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favourite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clusters of minor translucent spheres ) and adults during twilight and dawn . congeal out beer traps from late bounce through drop .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough melodic line circulation or decent illumination . problem are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery whitened or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , coil up , and drop off . fresh foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant smorgasbord and blank space plant properly so they incur tolerable light and melodic phrase circulation . Always water from below , hold back weewee off the leaf . This is paramount for rose . Go tardily on the nitrogen fertilizer . give antifungal accord to recording label directions before job becomes stark and follow directions on the button , not miss any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaves , peak , or debris in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungi or bacteria . brownish or black spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - butt against coming into court . insect , rainwater , dirty garden tool , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the groundwork of the plant should be raked up and dispose of . void overhead irrigation if possible ; piddle should be aim at dirt level . For fungous leaf spots , utilise a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , associate to mealy hemipterous insect , that can be a problem on a wide miscellanea of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawling until they find a good feeding land site . The adult female person then lose their leg and rest on a spotlight protect by its hard carapace bed . They appear as bump , often on the lower sides of parting . They have pierce mouth part that sop up the sap out of flora tissue paper . Scales can countermine a works leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a odoriferous substance address honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black control surface fungal growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plant away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden snapper professional or Cooperative Extension post in your county for a sound good word regarding their control . Encourage born opposition such as parasitic wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy germ , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leave and stems of the plant . The best room to control sooty mold is to moderate the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty clay sculpture can unremarkably be pass over from leave-taking with a dampish cloth or washed by with a hose - remnant sprayer .
